Introduction to GO:
Gene Ontology (GO) is a framework of analyzing gene products. Three aspects of the gene product is considered when making GO annotations: cellular component, biological process, and molecular function. The cellular component focuses on where the protein product localizes in the cell. This will partner with molecular function, or how the protein molecule functions in the cell. The biological process functions instead to determine how the molecule contributes to the larger biological systems at work [1].
Gene Ontology (GO) is a framework of analyzing gene products. Three aspects of the gene product is considered when making GO annotations: cellular component, biological process, and molecular function. The cellular component focuses on where the protein product localizes in the cell. This will partner with molecular function, or how the protein molecule functions in the cell. The biological process functions instead to determine how the molecule contributes to the larger biological systems at work [1].
Results:
Discussion:
It has been found that perforin-1 localizes with the cellular membrane. This protein is a subunit of a larger, quaternary structure. The molecular function of perforin-1 is to form a pore on the surface of the membrane, with each subunit contributing to the pore structure. Immunological synapse formation is the biological processes associated with the perforin pore. Other processes include such as T-cell mediated cytotoxicity. The pore allows for granules released by the T-cells to enter the cell, effectively inducing cell death. This autoimmune response could be used as a method of defending the cell against a virus [2]. Interrupting pore formation, such as in fHLH, would, therefore, interrupt the regulation of these processes. Without a perforin pore, granules would not be able to infiltrate that cell or virus, causing no regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Macrophages and T-leukocytes would continue to be excessively activated, in turn releasing more inflammatory cytokines [3].
It has been found that perforin-1 localizes with the cellular membrane. This protein is a subunit of a larger, quaternary structure. The molecular function of perforin-1 is to form a pore on the surface of the membrane, with each subunit contributing to the pore structure. Immunological synapse formation is the biological processes associated with the perforin pore. Other processes include such as T-cell mediated cytotoxicity. The pore allows for granules released by the T-cells to enter the cell, effectively inducing cell death. This autoimmune response could be used as a method of defending the cell against a virus [2]. Interrupting pore formation, such as in fHLH, would, therefore, interrupt the regulation of these processes. Without a perforin pore, granules would not be able to infiltrate that cell or virus, causing no regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Macrophages and T-leukocytes would continue to be excessively activated, in turn releasing more inflammatory cytokines [3].
References:
[1] Thomas, Paul D. “The Gene Ontology and the Meaning of Biological Function.” Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.), U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2017, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6438694/.
[2] Paysan-Lafosse T, Blum M, Chuguransky S, Grego T, Pinto BL, Salazar GA, Bileschi ML, Bork P, Bridge A, Colwell L, Gough J, Haft DH, Letunić I, Marchler-Bauer A, Mi H, Natale DA, Orengo CA, Pandurangan AP, Rivoire C, Sigrist CJA, Sillitoe I, Thanki N, Thomas PD, Tosatto SCE, Wu CH, Bateman A. InterPro in 2022. Nucleic Acids Research, Nov 2022, (doi: 10.1093/nar/gkac993)
[3] Osińska, Iwona, et al. “Perforin: An Important Player in Immune Response.” Central-European Journal of Immunology, U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2014, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4439970/.
[1] Thomas, Paul D. “The Gene Ontology and the Meaning of Biological Function.” Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.), U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2017, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6438694/.
[2] Paysan-Lafosse T, Blum M, Chuguransky S, Grego T, Pinto BL, Salazar GA, Bileschi ML, Bork P, Bridge A, Colwell L, Gough J, Haft DH, Letunić I, Marchler-Bauer A, Mi H, Natale DA, Orengo CA, Pandurangan AP, Rivoire C, Sigrist CJA, Sillitoe I, Thanki N, Thomas PD, Tosatto SCE, Wu CH, Bateman A. InterPro in 2022. Nucleic Acids Research, Nov 2022, (doi: 10.1093/nar/gkac993)
[3] Osińska, Iwona, et al. “Perforin: An Important Player in Immune Response.” Central-European Journal of Immunology, U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2014, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4439970/.